Design of a Five Stage Pipeline CPU with Interruption System

Abstract

A central processing unit CPU also referred to as a central processor unit is the hardware within a computer that carries out the instructions of a computer program by performing the basic arithmetical logical and input output operations of the system The term has been in use in the computer industry at least since the early 1960s The form design and implementation of CPUs have changed over the course of their history but their fundamental operation remains much the same A computer can have more than one CPU this is called multiprocessing All modern CPUs are microprocessors meaning contained on a single chip Some integrated circuits ICs can contain multiple CPUs on a single chip those ICs are called multi-core processors An IC containing a CPU can also contain peripheral devices and other components of a computer system this is called a system on a chip SoC Two typical components of a CPU are the arithmetic logic unit ALU which performs arithmetic and logical operations and the control unit CU which extracts instructions from memory and decodes and executes them calling on the ALU when necessary Not all computational systems rely on a central processing unit An array processor or vector processor has multiple parallel computing elements with no one unit considered the center In the distributed computing model problems are solved by a distributed interconnected set of processors